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5. Tests:
1. Formic Acid:
a. Procedure: Weigh about 5 g of the sample (using a technical balance) into a 100 ml beaker. Add 2 drops of phenolphthalein indicator solution and neutralize with 2 N NaOH solution until a red color appears. Evaporate on a water bath to half the original volume. Cool, acidify with 5 ml of concentrated HCl, and transfer quantitatively into a 250 ml iodine flask containing 50 ml of water and 50 ml of 0.1 N NaBrO solution. Stopper tightly, mix well, and allow to stand for 30 minutes. Add 15 ml of 16.5% KI solution, 20 ml of 6 N HCl, and 2 ml of starch indicator solution. Titrate with 0.1 N Na₂S₂O₃ solution until the blue color disappears (endpoint). Perform a blank test concurrently.
b. Calculation: (Blank ml – Sample ml) × 0.1 (Normality) × 0.02301 = grams of HCOOH
c. Grade Glacial Acetic Note: Heating on the water bath after adding NaOH is intended to evaporate and remove acetaldehyde, which would otherwise cause high results.Grade Glacial Acetic.
2. Acetaldehyde:
a. Procedure: Weigh about 10 g of glacial acetic acid (using a technical balance) into a 250 ml iodine flask. Add 50 ml of water, then pipette exactly 10 ml of 4% NaHSO₃ solution into the flask. Stopper tightly, shake, and allow to stand for 30 minutes. Add 2 ml of starch indicator solution and titrate with 0.1 N Iodine solution until a blue color appears (endpoint). Perform a blank test concurrently.
b. Calculation: (Blank ml – Sample ml) × 0.1 (Normality) × 0.02203 = grams of CH₃CHO
6. Reagent Preparation:
0.1 N Sodium Hypobromite (NaBrO) Solution: Add 2.8 ml of bromine to 500 ml of water. Add 100 ml of 2 N NaOH and stir until dissolved. Dilute with water to 1000 ml to obtain the 0.1 N NaBrO solution.
6. Grade Glacial Acetic Reagent Preparation:
0.1 N Sodium Hypobromite (NaBrO) Solution: Add 2.8 ml of bromine to 500 ml of water. Add 100 ml of 2 N NaOH and stir until dissolved. Dilute with water to 1000 ml to obtain the 0.1 N NaBrO solution.